Serums are lightweight, fast-absorbing formulas with high concentrations of active ingredients. They target specific concerns like wrinkles, pigmentation, or dehydration. Moisturizers primarily hydrate and lock in moisture, while serums deliver potent, targeted results.

Apply serum after cleansing and toning, but before moisturizer. This allows the concentrated actives to penetrate deeply. For best results, follow with moisturizer to lock in the benefits and protect the skin barrier.

Frequency depends on the formula, hydrating serums, can be used daily, while potent treatments like retinol or exfoliating acids may be applied 1–3 times per week. Always follow instructions to avoid irritation.

Yes, layer from thinnest to thickest texture, starting with water-based formulas. Avoid using too many strong actives at once to prevent irritation. For example, vitamin C in the morning and retinol at night is a safe approach.

Look for serums with retinol, peptides, or antioxidants like vitamin C. These boost collagen, improve firmness, and reduce wrinkles over time. Hydrating ingredients like hyaluronic acid also plump and smooth the skin’s appearance.

Yes, choose gentle formulas with calming ingredients like niacinamide or panthenol. Avoid highly concentrated acids or retinoids unless introduced gradually. Always patch test to minimise the risk of irritation.

Ampoules are similar to serums but often more concentrated and used as a short-term boost. They are typically part of intensive skincare programs, while serums are designed for ongoing daily use.

Results vary, hydration serums can show improvement in hours, while brightening or anti-ageing formulas may take 4-8 weeks. Consistency is key, as active ingredients need time to work within the skin.

Yes, lightweight serums absorb quickly and create a smooth base for makeup. Allow them to fully absorb before applying primer or foundation to prevent pilling or uneven texture.

Yes, but adjust actives based on the season. Hydration and antioxidant serums work well year-round, while exfoliating acids and retinoids may be reduced in summer to avoid sun sensitivity.